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bodyBgs[2] = "/images/banner/s3.jpg"; bodyBgs[3] = "/images/banner/s4.jpg"; bodyBgs[4] = "/images/banner/s5.jpg"; var randomBgIndex = Math.round( Math.random() * 4 ); //輸出隨機的背景圖 document.write('<style>.banner{background:url(' + bodyBgs[randomBgIndex] + ') no-repeat 50% bottom}</style>'); //]]> </script> <section> <div class="banner" style="height:160px;"> </div> </section> <!-- 面包屑導航開始 --> <div class="container "> <nav class="sub_menu"> <ol class="breadcrumb"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-list"></span> <li><a href="/">網站首頁</a></li> <li><a title="數控文章" href="/bethel/news">數控文章</a></li> </ol> </nav> </div> <!--/sub_menu--><!-- 面包屑導航結束 --> <!-- 頁面標題開始 --> <div class="title"> <h3><a>立式加工中心靜剛度有限元仿真分析與試驗測試<small></small></a></h3> </div> <!-- 頁面標題結束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <!-- 中部開始 --> <div class="container"> <!-- 正文 --> <div class="lead" id="print"> <p> <span style="line-height: 10pt; background-color: transparent;">引言</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2"><a href='http://www.www.licoo.cn/' target='_blank'>數控<a href='http://www.www.licoo.cn/' target='_blank'>機床</a></a>的靜剛度對其加工精度具有顯著影 響<sup>1</sup>,<a href='http://www.www.licoo.cn/' target='_blank'>機床</a>的靜剛度可以通過試驗法測量。仇健等<sup>2 </sup>測量了某系列臥式<a href='http://www.www.licoo.cn/' target='_blank'>加工中心</a>主軸的靜剛度，并討論了 主軸剛度的配置方法。李殿新等<sup>3</sup>以某立式<a href='http://www.www.licoo.cn/' target='_blank'>加工中心</a> 為對象，測量了機床整機和主要零件的變形，識別了機 床</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">y</span></span><span class="2">向靜剛度的薄弱環節。試驗法雖然可以準確獲取 機床的靜剛度，但試驗必須在機床制造裝配完成后開 展,而有限元法可以在設計階段對機床的性能進行分 析和優化,從而經濟高效提高機床的加工精度。國內 外學者對機床的靜剛度開展了大量仿真研究,分析結 果卻差強人意，而影響仿真精度的最關鍵因素是無法 對零部件間的結合面準確建模。劉啟偉等<sup>4</sup>仿真了某 車床整機的靜剛度，向尾臺的仿真誤差達到</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">77. </span></span><span class="2">3%。 孫永平等<sup>5</sup>仿真了某</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">G</span></span><span class="2">型結構立式鏜<a href='http://www.www.licoo.cn/' target='_blank'>銑床</a>的靜剛度，</span></p> <p><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language: #0400;mso-fareast-language:#0400;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"><br clear="all" /> </span></p> <p class="20" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 13.7pt; background: transparent;"><span class="2">但沒有給出結合面間的參數。</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.35pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 22.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">本文以某立式<a href='http://www.www.licoo.cn/' target='_blank'>加工中心</a>為研究對象，首先建立了 該機床整機的實體模型,然后將結合面參數添加至有 限元模型，之后對機床整機的靜剛度進行了仿真分析, 最后開展了機床靜剛度試驗，證明了本文仿真分析的 準確性。</span></p> <p class="110" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 1.75pt; line-height: 12pt; background: transparent;"><a name="bookmark3"><span class="11Georgia"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">1</span></span></a><span class="11">機床整機實體模型建立</span></p> <p><span class="2"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">本文研究的機床如圖1所 示，主要由床身底座、床身、立柱、 主軸箱、主軸、刀柄、十字滑臺和 工作臺組成。在</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">Pro/E</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">中建立機 床的實體模型時，將尺寸較小的 </span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: SimSun;">?</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">L</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">、凸臺、鍵槽等特征簡化，建立 的整機實體模型如圖2所示。</span></span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">建立實體模型后，將模型導入</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">ANSYS</span></span><span class="2">中進行有限 元分析。圖2中零件的材料均為</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">HT</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">300,</span></span><span class="2">彈性模量為 </span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">120</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">GPa</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">泊松比為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0. </span></span><span class="2">3,密度為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">7200</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">kg</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">m</span></span><span class="2"><sup><span style="font-family: SimSun;">3</span></sup></span><span class="2">。添加材料 屬性后，對機床整機采用自由網格劃分,有限元模型共 有127259個節點和65916個單元，如圖3所示。</span></p> <div> </div> <p class="11120" style="margin-top:8.55pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.9pt; margin-left:0cm;line-height:8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><a name="bookmark4"><span class="1112">2結合面建模方法</span></a></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.45pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">機床的兩個相鄰零件以結合面的方式接觸，大量 研究表明，機床總柔度的30% ~50% <sup>6</sup>是由于結合面 產生的。機床整機靜剛度仿真時，通常將結合面的剛 度值通過彈簧單元的方式添加到有限元模型中。本文 對仿真精度影響較大的結合面存在于床身底座與床 身、床身與立柱、立柱與主軸箱、主軸箱與主軸、主軸與 刀柄、床身與十字滑臺、十字滑臺與工作臺之間。</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.45pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">本機床結合面的類型主要有以下3類:①存在于 床身底座與床身、床身與立柱、主軸箱與主軸之間的螺 栓固定結合面，建模時在每個螺栓位置沿</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2-1pt"><span lang="EN-US">、、</span></span><span class="2-1pt">向各 </span><span class="2">添加一個彈簧單元;②存在于立柱與主軸箱、床身與十 字滑臺、十字滑臺與工作臺之間的導軌滑塊結合面，建 模時在每個滑塊與導軌接觸面的4個頂點處沿</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2"><span lang="EN-US">、、</span></span><span class="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun;"> </span></span><span class="2">向各添加一個彈簧單元;③存在于主軸與刀柄之間的 軸承結合面，建模時在每個軸承位置沿軸向和徑向各 添加一個彈簧單元。</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.45pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">影響結合面剛度值的因素很多，如相鄰兩個零件<br clear="all" /> 的重量、結合面的面積、預緊力大小、接觸表面的粗糙 度等<sup>[740]</sup>。課題組對結合面剛度辨識方法進行了大量 研究，并建立了剛度值數據庫，通過查詢數據庫，得到 各結合面的剛度值如表1所示。另外，主軸與刀柄之 間存在前軸承、后軸承兩處支撐，前軸承的軸向剛度為</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:0cm;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:12.75pt;background:transparent"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0.<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span class="2">6 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">xl</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><sup><span lang="EN-US">s</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">m</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">徑向剛度為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">7. </span></span><span class="2">7 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;"> 10</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><sup><span lang="EN-US">s</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">m</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">;</span></span><span class="2">后軸承的軸 向剛度為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1. </span></span><span class="2">6 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;"> 10<sup>8</sup></span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">m</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">徑向剛度為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">7. </span></span><span class="2">5 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;"> 10<sup>8</sup></span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">m</span></span><span class="2"><span lang="EN-US">。</span></span></p> <div> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" width="315" align="center"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" align="left" style="padding-top:0cm;padding-right:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0cm"> <p class="30" style="line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap: no-wrap-beside;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column;mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="3">表1各結合面的剛度值（10<sup>9</sup> </span><span class="3"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">• </span></span><span class="37pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 7pt;">N/m</span></span><span class="3"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">)</span></span></p> <div align="center"> <table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;mso-table-layout-alt:fixed;mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm"> <tbody> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule: exactly"> <td width="134" valign="bottom" style="width: 100.3pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">結合面位置</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" valign="bottom" style="width: 48.95pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">X</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> <td width="57" valign="bottom" style="width: 42.7pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">y</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> <td width="60" valign="bottom" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">z</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:1;height:14.4pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">床身一床身底座</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0.4193</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 7912</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0.7109</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:2;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">床身一立柱</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">2.5705</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">1.3864</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">1. 5244</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:3;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">立柱一主軸箱</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">2.6534</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 10pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 9pt; background: transparent;"><span class="2Garamond">4. 5522</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 3833</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:4;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">主軸箱一主軸</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0.4362</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 10pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 9pt; background: transparent;"><span class="2Garamond">0. 7845</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">2. 318</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:5;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">床身一十字滑臺</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 7572</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 10pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 9pt; background: transparent;"><span class="2Garamond">0. 1858</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 4735</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:6;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:14.65pt;mso-height-rule: exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.65pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">十字滑臺一工作臺</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.65pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 3155</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.65pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 1521</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.65pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 3555</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p class="11120" style="margin-top:12.05pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:4.75pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height: 8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><a name="bookmark5"><span class="1112">3機床整機靜剛度仿真分析</span></a></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;tab-stops:127.2pt;background:transparent"><span class="2">本文仿真機床整機沿</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2"><span lang="EN-US">、、</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">3</span></span><span class="2">個方向的靜剛度時, 將數值為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">2000</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2">且反向的載荷分別施加在刀柄下端 面和工作臺上端面的中心點，并將床身底座與地面的 接觸面固定約束。機床 向靜剛度的仿真結果分</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:0cm;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">別如圖4、圖5、圖6所示。</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="20" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.95pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">由圖4可以看出，向仿真時，刀柄中心點的位移 為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">-0. 20364</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">工作臺中心點的位移為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">+0. </span></span><span class="2">0025570 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">兩者的相對位移為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0. 2061970</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">因此</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2">向的靜 剛度為： ⑴</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t202" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="202" path="m,l,21600r21600,l21600,xe"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter" /> <v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" /> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute; left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:221.75pt;margin-top:59.75pt;width:13.45pt; height:8.25pt;text-indent:0;z-index:-2;mso-wrap-distance-left:102pt; mso-wrap-distance-top:.35pt;mso-wrap-distance-right:5pt; mso-wrap-distance-bottom:1.4pt;mso-position-horizontal-relative:margin; mso-position-vertical-relative:margin' filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:textbox style='mso-fit-shape-to-text:t' inset="0,0,0,0"> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=2500 align=left style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;line-height:8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent'><span class=250Exact><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>(3)</span></span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> <w:wrap type="square" side="left" anchorx="margin" anchory="margin" /> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img width="22" height="15" src="file:///E:/QQPCmgr/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.gif" align="right" hspace="72" style="margin-left:64px;margin-right:-64px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom: 2px" alt="文本框: (3)" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1027" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;left:0; text-align:left;margin-left:124.3pt;margin-top:60.65pt;width:58.55pt;height:8.25pt; text-indent:0;z-index:-1;mso-wrap-distance-left:5pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:1.25pt; mso-wrap-distance-right:52.3pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:1.2pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative:margin;mso-position-vertical-relative:margin' filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:textbox style='mso-fit-shape-to-text:t' inset="0,0,0,0"> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=2500 align=left style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;line-height:8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent'><span class=250Exact><span style='color:black;mso-ansi-language:ZH-CN;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>=15268 </span><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>N/mm</span></span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> <w:wrap type="square" side="left" anchorx="margin" anchory="margin" /> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img width="83" height="15" src="file:///E:/QQPCmgr/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image002.gif" align="right" hspace="39" vspace="2" style="margin-left:-32px;margin-right:32px" alt="文本框: =15268 N/mm" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027" /><!--[endif]--><span class="2">由圖6可以看出，向仿真時，刀柄中心點的位移 為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">+0. </span></span><span class="2">10951075 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="23pt"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="23pt">工作臺中心點的位移為 </span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">-0.021486</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">兩者的相對位移為</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0. 13099675</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">因 此</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">z</span></span><span class="2">向的靜剛度為：</span></p> <p class="2500" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.5pt 90pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 8.5pt; background: transparent;"><span class="250">2000</span></p> <p class="2500" align="right" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: right;text-indent:0cm;line-height:8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly; background:transparent"><span class="250"><span lang="EN-US">0. </span></span><span class="250">13099675</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.15pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">根據仿真結果可知，向的靜剛度最小,向的靜 剛度最大。施加載何后，由床身底座、床身、十字滑臺 和工作臺串聯組成的支路變形很小,而由床身底座、床 身、立柱、主軸箱、主軸、刀柄串聯組成的支路變形大得 多。由圖4、圖5、圖6可以看出，施加載荷后，立柱帶 動主軸箱、主軸和刀柄變形。因此，可以采取以下措施 提高機床整機的靜剛度:①加大立柱與床身之間結合 面的剛度值;②改變立柱內部筋板的布局，從而提高立 柱本身的靜剛度。</span></p> <p class="11120" style="margin-bottom:2.45pt;line-height:8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><a name="bookmark6"><span class="1112">4機床整機靜剛度試驗測試</span></a></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">為了驗證仿真分析的準確性，對機床靜剛度開展 試驗測試。將機床各零件放置在與仿真分析時對應的 位置上;采用壓力傳感器施加載荷，將壓力傳感器的下 端固定在工作臺上</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,2000</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2">的載荷施加在刀柄上;采用 千分表測量刀柄相對工作臺的變形，千分表的底座固 定在工作臺上，指針垂直于刀柄的被測表面。</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2">、、</span><span class="2">向 靜剛度試驗測試分別如圖7、圖8、圖9所示。</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:13.9pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">每個方向均測量3次,3次結果取平均值,3個方 向的靜剛度試驗結果如表2所示。為了驗證仿真分析 的精度,將仿真分析的剛度值、仿真誤差也列于表2。</span></p> <div> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" width="315" align="center"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" align="left" style="padding-top:0cm;padding-right:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0cm"> <p class="30" style="line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap: no-wrap-beside;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column;mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="31pt">表2靜剛度試驗與仿真值對比</span></p> <div align="center"> <table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;mso-table-layout-alt:fixed;mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm"> <tbody> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:14.4pt;mso-height-rule: exactly"> <td width="132" valign="bottom" style="width: 99.35pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">靜剛度</span></span></p> </td> <td width="66" valign="bottom" style="width: 49.2pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">x</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> <td width="58" valign="bottom" style="width: 43.45pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">y</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> <td width="60" valign="bottom" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">z</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:1;height:13.9pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="132" style="width: 99.35pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 13.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">試驗值</span></span><span class="275pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 7.5pt;">（</span></span><span class="2Garamond">N/mm)</span></p> </td> <td width="66" style="width: 49.2pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 13.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">9255</span></p> </td> <td width="58" style="width: 43.45pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 13.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">11700</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 13.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">15517</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:2;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="132" style="width: 99.35pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">仿真值</span></span><span class="275pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 7.5pt;">（</span></span><span class="2Garamond">N/mm)</span></p> </td> <td width="66" style="width: 49.2pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">9700</span></p> </td> <td width="58" style="width: 43.45pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">12258</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">15268</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:3;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:14.9pt;mso-height-rule: exactly"> <td width="132" style="width: 99.35pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">仿真誤差</span></span><span class="2Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋體;">（％</span></span><span class="2Garamond">)</span></p> </td> <td width="66" style="width: 49.2pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">4.81</span></p> </td> <td width="58" style="width: 43.45pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">4. 77</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">-1.60</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p class="20" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.95pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"> </p> <p class="1010" style="margin-top:.25pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.15pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 20.0pt;line-height:13.9pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><span class="101">由表</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">2</span></span><span class="101">可以看出,</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">3</span></span><span class="101">個方向的仿真誤差均在</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">±5% </span></span><span class="101">以內，說明第</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">3</span></span><span class="101">節使用的結合面參數準確，本文建立的 有限元模型準確反映了機床整機的實際靜剛度</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">。</span></span></p> <p class="11120" style="line-height:10.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly; background:transparent"><a name="bookmark7"><span class="111210pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">5</span></span></a><span class="1112">結論</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.95pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"> </p> <p class="1010" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="101">本文以某<a href='http://www.www.licoo.cn/' target='_blank'>立式加工中心</a>為對象，首先采用有限元 軟件仿真分析了機床整機的靜剛度，重點介紹了各主 要結合面的建模方法和結合面剛度值,仿真分析得到 </span><span class="10185pt1"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">*、、3</span></span><span class="101">個方向的靜剛度值分別為</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">9700 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">mm</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">、</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">12258 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N/mm</span></span><span class="101MingLiU"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;">、</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">15268 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N/mm</span></span><span class="101Garamond3"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 5pt;">,</span></span><span class="101">試驗測試得到</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">3</span></span><span class="101">個方向的靜剛度 值分別為 </span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">9255 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">mm</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">、</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">11700 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">mm</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">、</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">15517 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N/mm</span></span><span class="101"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="101">證 明本文的有限元模型精度很高</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">。</span></span><span class="101">為了提高機床整機的 靜剛度，可以修改立柱內部筋板的布局從而提高其靜 剛度</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">，</span></span><span class="101">并加大立柱與床身之間結合面的參數</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">。</span></span></p> <p class="1010" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"> </p> <p class="1010" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New 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